1.语料库Corpus of Contemporary American怎么用
关于语料库的应用, 1. 例举Collins 和 COCA的若干查询句法(query syntax)? 一. Collins 1.make+Nmistake N=1时,出现 make a mistake; make the mistake; make no mistake等 N=2时,出现make a mistake;Make the same mistake等 2.make@+1mistake 出现make a mistake;make the mistake;made a mistake;making a mistake等 3. make*+1mistake 出现make a mistake;make no mistake;makes the mistake等 4.take+ NOUN 出现take place;take advantage of;take steps to等 5. VERB+1game@ 出现improve their game;hang any game;playing games;spent games;scoring games等 6. do+1NN 出现do the Doodlebug;do the balance;do all day;do the work等 7.make+NNS 出现make suggestions;make products;make points等 8.JJ+mistake 出现common mistake;terrible mistake;the big mistake ;obvious `mistake'等 9. RB+make@ 出现not made; then made; ever made; even make; only make等 二.COCA 1.big* 出现BIG 170465次; BIGGEST 28396次; BIGGER 18899次等 2.[=big] trees 出现LARGE TREES 18次;MATURE TREES 15次;TALL TREES 14次等 3. [V*] mistake 出现MIGHT MISTAKE 3次;MAY MISTAKE 3次等 4. * place* 出现IN PLACE 2997次;A PLACE 2418次;TOOK PLACE 2228次等 5. un*ly 出现 UNFORTUNATELY 3885次; UNLIKELY 3348次; UNDOUBTEDLY 1662次等 6. [vvg] 出现 USING 34034次; MAKING 18385次;WORKING 13409次等 7. [v?g] 出现BEING 47303次;USING 34034次; HAVING 19440次等 8. [[=publish]] the 出现ANNOUNCED THE 308次;PUBLISHED THE 290次; DISTRIBUTE THE 128等 9. [davies:clothes] 出现 BELT 1153次; TIE 858次; HAT 710次; SHIRT 373次等 10. dis*.[vvd] 出现 DISCOVERED 2500次; DISCUSSED 1870次; DISPLAYED 832次等 11. [put] on * 出现PUT ON THE 194次; PUT ON A 110次;PUT ON HOLD 29次;PUTTING ON A 20次等 2. 通过语料库, 弄清楚 Hope 和 wish 两词的意思和使用方面的差异,举例说明。
3. Dedicate一词,在科技英语/学术英语中常有哪些主要意思?举出例句。 4. 如何利用语料库来解决英语运用方面的困难和疑问,举例说明? ★2-4题合并练习如下: •(1) 帮助解决记忆单词难问题 对于英语学习者来说,要克服单词障碍似乎除了死记硬背没有什么更好的办法,语料库的出现将彻底改变我们在这个认识上的误区。
学习一个生词不仅仅是记住它的发音、拼写和意思,还要熟悉它所出现的语境和句子,这样才能真正把握住单词的用法,牢固地记住单词。语料库能提供大量的实例,使我们聚焦某个单词的各种用法,注意到单词所出现的语言环境和句子,这样使得我们更容易在真实语境中记忆单词,效果更佳。
例如:形容词delicate有多种意思,可以翻译为:精巧的、精致的、病弱的、脆弱的、微妙的、棘手的、灵敏的、精密的。但在什么情况下可理解为"精巧的",在什么情况理解为"微妙的"或者"脆弱的"则需要实际例子才能讲得清楚,通过语料库检索够可以得到有关delicate大量的句子实例等。
检索结果:我们可以从语料库里查找到delicate的各种用法。利用语料库学习或讲解单词可以扩展我们的视野,加深对单词的理解,增强用词造句的能力。
"receive this recycled stationary pack with a delicate jungle etching on a lavender background. It helps define the eyes without dragging the delicate skin around them. For a softer line, blend Silver Earrings £ 37.50 ea21587 [p] [h] Delicate Raindrops of Pure Quartz [/h] The simple brown in colour, with large pores and a delicate crust. [/h] [h] Pretzels and savoury village hotel High Pyrenees family welcome, delicate cuisine, half-board included the most attract and hold the dust. Ideal for use on delicate objects, ornaments, furniture and polished range of programmes for lightly soiled and delicate clothes; no-spin drip-dry programmes; stage-RAMEKINS [/h] Courgette souffle is a delicate and delicious mixture, made creamy with a DOES IT [/h] FREE OFFER [p] [c] PHOTO [/c] Delicate dishes need to be washed up with care. " •(2) 辨析同义词 同义词的辨析是英语学习中的一大障碍。网络语料库提供的词语搭配在这方面发挥的作用是普通词典不能比拟的。
因为传统词典的辨析由于缺乏大量语料的配合而无法产生同样效果。例如:wish和hope是一对常用近义词,而我们学习英语到现在都还经常误用或不能活用这两个词。
通过语料库查询比较"wish"与"hope"的用法。 ●作及物动词时 wish和hope都与to do sth.搭配。
但分析表明,wish to do sth. 意为"现在"想做某事,它表达的是眼下的要求或意愿(一般容易实现) ,其中"do"隐含的时间状语是"now"或"then"。而hope to do sth. 意为想在"将来"做成某事,它表达的是一个想要实现的目标(不一定能实现) ,其中"do"隐含的时间状语是"in some time to come"。
语料库中摘引的例子如下: ◆A lady 。