1.虚拟语气的各种用法
1、主语从句中的虚拟语气 主要取决于某些形容词和过去分词,用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等。
其形式为:(should)+动词原形。 2、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。
其形式为:(should)+动词原形。 3、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气,用来表示建议、命令和要求等。
其形式为:(should)+动词原形。 4、错综、混合虚拟语气 通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。
混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句,这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同,而重要是事实和假设的混合。
5、含蓄虚拟语气 因为有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现,而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在,常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or,even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等,这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假设)。
2.虚拟语气的用法
虚拟语气是英语学习中一个非常重要,也是非常有意思的一个语法点,你可以仔细研究下例句,祝愿你有一天会说:如果不是在百度上得到了帮助,我还不会用(虚拟语气)呢If I hadn't gotten help from Baidu,I wouldn't known how to use it.虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ eg . If he doesn't hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。
( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。
(非真实条件状语从句) If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。(非真实条件状语从句)2、用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况: if+主语+过去时+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 例: 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道) 3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没带钱) 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。
(事实:没有努力 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 if+主语+had done +其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他 例: 1. If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了) 2.If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
(事实:没有听我的话) 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测 ①if+主语+were to do+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 ② if+主语+did/be(were)+sth.+主语 +should/would/could/might+do+其他 ③if+主语+should+do+sth.+主语 +should/would/could/might+do+其他 例: 1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。 (事实:来的可能性很小) 2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。
(事实:不知能否下雪) 3.If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 在表示建议、命令、要求等含义的宾语从句,谓语动词常用虚拟语气,"should+动词原形"构成,should 可省略。
4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。
如: If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
如: If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。
③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。如: If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话,庄稼会长得更好。
If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他一直努力工作的话,他现在已进了办公室了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即将were, should, had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。
如: Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句,在多数情况下,条件会暗含在短语中,如without…., but for….等 But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步。 We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. 我们不知道他的电。
3.虚拟语气的用法
虚拟条件句的三种基本类型:与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。
条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的,而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想,与事实相反或不大可能会发生: If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间,我就同他们去。
(陈述语气) If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你,我就同他们去。(虚拟语气) ▲ 与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”: If I knew her number ,I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。
(可惜我不知道) ▲与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”: If I'd left sooner,I'd have been on time. 要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了) ▲与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”: If I asked him,I'm sure he'd help us. 如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。
(不过我不打算这样做) 注:几点特别说明 ① 主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。would, might, could的大致区别是:would表示结果,might表示可能性,could表示能力、允许或可能性。
比较: If you tried again ,you would succeed. 要是你再试一试,你就会成功的。(would表结果) If you tried again, you might succeed. 要是你再试一试,你可能会成功的。
(might表可能) If you tried again ,you could succeed. 要是你再试一试,你就能成功了。(could表能力) ④ 对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:一是这里说的与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测;二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设);三是当条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气外,也可用直陈语气或祈使语气: If it should rain tomorrow, don't expect me. 万一明天下雨,就不要等我了。
(祈使语气) If I should see him, I'll tell him. 万一我见到他,我就告诉他。(直陈语气) 2、错综时间虚拟条件句 所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整: If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下过雨的话,现在地面就会是湿的。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假若你当时听我的话,你现在就会好多了。 3、两个常考虚拟语气句型 ▲ 句型介绍 这两个句型是If it weren't for…和If it hadn't been for…,这是两个很常用的虚拟语气句型,也经常受到命题人的青睐,其意为“若不是(有)”“要不是有”。
如: If it weren't for water, no plant could grow. 要是没有水植物就无法生长。 If it hadn't been for your assistance ,we wouldn't have succeeded. =But for your assistance ,we wouldn't have succeeded. =Without your assistance ,we wouldn't have succeeded. 5、wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气 ▲ 用法说明 动词wish后接宾语从句时,从句谓语要用虚拟语气。
若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时;若表示与过去相反的愿望,从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词;若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,用would (could)+动词原形。如: 注:特别注意 从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关,而与wish的时态无关,比较: I wish I were rich. 要是我现在有钱就好了。
I wish I had been rich. 要是那时我有钱就好了。 I wished I were rich. 当时我后悔自己没有钱。
I wished I had been rich. 当时我后悔自己曾经没有钱。 6、if only后的句子用虚拟语气 if only 与 I wish一样,也用于表示与事实相反的愿望,其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同: If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。
If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。 If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了! 注:if only 通常独立使用,没有主句。
7、as if (though) 从句用虚拟语气 ▲ 基本用法 以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句,有时用虚拟语气,若表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;若表示与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;表示将来的可能性不大,用would (might, could)+动词原形: He acts as if he knew me. 他显得认识我似的。 They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。
He talks as if he had been abroad. 他说起话来好像曾经出过国。 注:两点说明 (1) 从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实,。
4.虚拟语气用法
很高兴为您解答~I wish I could have gone with you last night.表达的意思为我真希望昨晚能够和你一起走(但实际上其并没有去)Could可以换成would,should,might,都可表示一种惋惜~ 但意思上会有变化;因为在不同语境中这几个词表达的意思不仅有“程度”上的不同,语气上更有明显的差异.用两条例句来比较下:If you had told me this yesterday,I ( ) have done something different.1) might 我“可能会“.2) should 我“应该会”.(在主语是 I 的语境中比较少用到的)3) could 我“或许能”.4) would 我“就会” .If he had warned you about this,you ( ) have cancelled your trip.1) might 你“可能会“.2) should 你“应该要”.3) could 你“完全可以”.4) would 你“多半会” .保证正确率,望采纳如有疑问,请追问 谢谢~。
5.虚拟语气的基本用法
虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。
在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态:现在时,过去时,将来时。 在条件句中的应用:条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。虚拟语气在什么情况下用虚拟语气 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时,用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。
[编辑本段]虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 eg . If he doesn't hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。
(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。 (非真实条件状语从句) If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。
(非真实条件状语从句) 2、在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况: if+主语+did/be(were)+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 例: 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:不知道) 3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。
(事实:没带钱) 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。(事实:学习不用功)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 if+主语+had done +其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他 例: 1. If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
(事实:去晚了) 2.If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实:没有听我的话)3、表示对将来情况的主观推测 (可能相反或可能性很小) if+主语+did/should/were to do+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 例: 1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
(事实:来的可能性很小) 2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。(事实:不知能否下雪) 3.If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。
在表示建议、命令、要求等含义的宾语从句,谓语动词常用虚拟语气,"should+动词原形"构成,should 可省略。[编辑本段]虚拟语气(Subjective Mood)的其他用法①、虚拟语气用在wish 后的宾语从句 a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用过去式 eg. I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。
(事实:我根本比不上你) b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望,谓语动词:had+done(动词过去分词) eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。(事实:原来不知道) c、表示将来难以实现的愿望 谓语动词:should/would + 动词原形 eg. I wish I should have a chance again.我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。
(事实:很难再有这样的机会了) (注:if only和even if也有相同用法)②虚拟语气用在 一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建议(advise. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. desire.insist)中,无论主句谓语动词为何种时态,从句的谓语动词都用:“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”。 如 He suggested that we (should) take the teacher's advice He insisted that we (should) take the teacher's advice He demand that we (should) take the teacher's advice He ordered that we (should) take the teacher's advice 注:insist如果翻译成坚持某种动作才用虚拟语气翻译成坚持某种观点就不用虚拟语气。
如:He insist he is a student. 他坚持说他是个学生。 这个语句表示的是事实,因此在这个语句中不能使用虚拟语气。
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气,意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。 如: His face suggests that he looks worried .他的表情暗含着他很担心。
这个句子本身是事实,因此它就没有用到虚拟语气。 ③表情绪.观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如:necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising. funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。
句型:It is。
.that 结构后的主语从句,从句的谓语动词都要用 should+原型 或只用动词原型。
6.虚拟语气的具体用法
虚拟语气 1.主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些形容词和过去分词,用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等。
其形式为:(should)+动词原形。 常这样用的形容词有: appropriate适当的advisable适当的,合理的better较好的desirable理想的essential精华的imperative迫切的important重要的insistent坚持的natural自然的necessary必要的preferable优越的,较好的strange奇怪的urgent紧迫的vital极其重要的 过去分词有: desired, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, recommended, required等。
例如: It is essential that you (should) win the voters'hearts.赢得选民的心是绝对必要的。 It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.有人提议他应该参加俱乐部的活动。
2.表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。其形式为:(should)+动词原形。
常这样用的名词有: resolution决心,决议pray恳求decision决议motion提议suggestion建议preference选择proposal提议advice劝告recommendation推荐desire愿望demand要求requirement要求order命令necessity必要性request要求idea主意、想法例如: He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained.他下令热情款待这些客人。 His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits.他提议我们应该摈弃这些不良习性。
3.宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1)某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气,用来表示建议、命令和要求等。其形式为:(should)+动词原形。
常这样用的动词有: ask要求advise劝告determine决定decide决定command命令insist坚持intend打算move提议prefer宁愿propose提议order命令recommend推荐request要求require要求suggest建议urge主张demand要求desire渴望direct命令例如: He insisted that the meeting be put off.他要求推迟那个会议。 They proposed that all the plans should be discussed at the meeting.他们建议所有的计划都应该在会上讨论。
2)在以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气,其形式为:(should)+动词原形。这一句型中使用的形容词(宾补)与主语从句中的虚拟语气所使用的形容词相同。
例如: We think it advisable that he (should) think deeply before acting.我们认为他在行动之前好好考虑一下才是明智的。 3)wish后面所跟的宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示某种不能实现的愿望。
其主要形式有三种: 表示对现在情况的虚拟:wish +主语+动词过去式或were表示对过去情况的虚拟:wish +主语+ had +过去分词表示对将来情况的虚拟:wish +主语+ would +动词原形。 例如: I wish I knew what was going to happen.但愿我能知道要发生什么事。
She wished she had stayed at home.她懊悔的是她当时要是在家就好了。 I wish I were rich.我恨不得我很有钱。
注意:在表示对过去情况的虚拟时,有时也可以用下列形式: wish +主语+ would(could)+ have +过去分词I wish I could have seen her last night.要是我昨天晚上能够见到她那该多好。 4. if条件句中的虚拟语气形式1)if非真实条件句所表示的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的,句中的主句与从句都用虚拟语气。
在if非真实虚拟条件句中,主句和从句谓语动词主要有下面几种形式: 假设类型条件从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与现在事实相反动词过去时(be用were)Should(would,could,might)+动词原形与过去事实相反Had +过去分词Should(would,could, might)+ have +过去分词与将来事实可能相反动词过去时(should+动词原形,were to +动词原形)Should(would,could,might)+动词原形 If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk.假如没有引力,我们就不可能行走。 I wouldn't have known what these were for if I hadn't been told.假如别人不告诉我,我就不知道这些东西是干什么的了。
2)正式文体中,有时可把虚拟条件句中的连词if省去,而将were,had, should等助动词(不包括行为动词)提到主语前面。如果句中没有were,had或should时,既不能省略if,也不能倒装。
例如: Were I to meet him tomorrow (= If I were to met him tomorrow), I should ask him about it.要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。 Had I had the money last year (= If I had had the money last year), I would have bought the house.如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了。
Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply.假如锅炉出问题的话,自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给。 3)通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的,但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式。
例如: If I were you, I would have taken his advice.我要是你,我就采纳了他的建议。(从句指现在,主句指过去) If the weather had been more favorable, the crop woul。
7.虚拟语气的用法
动词的语气——虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)一、语气的定义和种类l、语气:语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类:(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如:We are not ready. 我们没准备好。
What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the door, please。
请打开门。(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你,我就学英语了。May you succeed! 祝您成功!二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。)
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:与现在事实相反: 从句: 动词的过去式(be的过去式一般用were) 主句:would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形与过去事实相反 : 从句 :had + 过去分词 主句 :would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反 : 从句:动词过去式,should + 动词原形, 主句 :were to + 动词原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形注: 主句中的should只用于I、we,但在美国英语中,should常被would代替;从句中的should可用于各种人称。
l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。如: If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿 ,一切都没问题了。
2、表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。如: If you had taken my advice,you wouldn't (couldn't) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建议去做,你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
3、表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。如: If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should (would,could,might) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天,我就 (可能)去看望我奶 奶。
If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪,他们将不出去了。4、有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
例如: If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在) 5、虚拟条件句可以转换成下列形式: (l)省略连词if。
在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或 should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装。例如: Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. 他要是来了,让他给我打个电话。
Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. 我要是你,就不做这事。 (2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句。
有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来,而是通过介词短语来表示。如: Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things. 如果没有空气的话,就不会有生物了。
But for your help (If it hadn't been for your help) I couldn't have done it. 要是没有你的帮助,我就不可能完成这件事。 假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。
如: I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadn't been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) 我那天很忙,否则,我就和他们一起去那儿了。(如果我那天不忙的话,我就……);I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadn't been ill, I would have finished the work.) 我本来该完成这项工作的,但我生病了。
(如果我没生病的话,我就会完成……)6、省去条件从句或主句:表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略,但其含义仍可以推知。(1)省去条件从句。
如: You could have washed your clothes yourself. 你本可以自已洗衣服的。省去了"If you had wanted to")(事实是:你自己没洗衣服,因为你不想洗。)
(2)省去主句(常用以表示愿望)。如: If my grandmother were with me! 如果我的祖母与我在一起多好啊!(事实是:祖母已不在世。)
;If only she had not left! 如果她没走就好了!(事实是:她已经走了。)三、虚拟语气的其他用法l、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:在"It is important (strange,natural,necessary)that…"这类句型里,that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 “should+动词原形”结构,表示某事是"重要"、"奇怪"、"自然"、"必要"等意义。
如: It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules. 。