育才学习网1.英文摘要怎么写
【Abstract】 basic education curriculum reform, an important goal is to change the course to receive too much emphasis on the implementation of learning by rote, mechanical training of the phenomenon, initiated by active participation of students, willing to explore, the hard-working hands and train students to collect and process information . Therefore, the "standard of language courses" in the concerns of students learning the language, process, change their language learning, language courses as the implementation of the important content of "positive self-advocacy, cooperation and explore ways of learning" has become the reform of language teaching One of the basic concepts.。
2.英文摘要怎么写
The reasons for selling a large part of the novel is reflected in the values of the novel to draw the audience's response, this paper of Jin Yong's novels, as well as the numerous comments on the novel, from the four aspects of Jin Yong's novels on love: love is in any one of the original grid, and love is a step-by-step to achieve a highly emotional. Justice in the situation with the contradiction between love and ceremony, the love of freedom should be simple, do not rigidly adhere to decency and propriety, but it can not carry on justice. Finally, the spirit of love must be sacrificed.。
3.怎样写好英文摘要
英文摘要的内容要求与中文摘要一样，包括目的、方法、结果和结论四部分。但是，英文有其自身特点，最主要的是中译英时往往造成所占篇幅较长，同样内容的一段文字，若用英文来描述，其占用的版面可能比中文多一倍。因此，撰写英文摘要更应注意简洁明了，力争用最短的篇幅提供最主要的信息。第一，对所掌握的资料进行精心筛选，不属于上述"四部分"的内容不必写入摘要。第二，对属于"四部分"的内容，也应适当取舍，做到简明扼要，不能包罗万象。比如"目的"，在多数标题中就已初步阐明，若无更深一层的目的，摘要完全不必重复叙述；再如"方法"，有些在国外可能早已成为常规的方法，在撰写英文摘要时就可仅写出方法名称，而不必一一描述其操作步骤。
中英文摘要的一致性主要是指内容方面的一致性，目前对这个问题的认识存在两个误区，一是认为两个摘要的内容"差不多就行"，因此在英文摘要中随意删去中文摘要的重点内容，或随意增补中文摘要所未提及的内容，这样很容易造成文摘重心转移，甚至偏离主题；二是认为英文摘要是中文摘要的硬性对译，对中文摘要中的每一个字都不敢遗漏，这往往使英文摘要用词累赘、重复，显得拖沓、冗长。英文摘要应严格、全面的表达中文摘要的内容，不能随意增删，但这并不意味着一个字也不能改动，具体撰写方式应遵循英文语法修辞规则，符合英文专业术语规范，并照顾到英文的表达习惯。
选择适当的时态和语态，是使摘要符合英文语法修辞规则的前提。通常情况下，摘要中谓语动词的时态和语态都不是通篇一律的，而应根据具体内容而有所变化，否则容易造成理解上的混乱。但这种变化又并非无章可循，其中存在着如下一些规律： 1、时态：大体可概括为以下几点。 1）叙述研究过程，多采用一般过去时。 2）在采用一般过去时叙述研究过程当中提及在此过程之前发生的事，宜采用过去完成时。 3）说明某课题现已取得的成果，宜采用现在完成时。 4）摘要开头表示本文所"报告"或"描述"的内容，以及摘要结尾表示作者所"认为"的观点和"建议"的做法时，可采用一般现在时。
2、语态：在多数情况下可采用被动语态。但在某些情况下，特别是表达作者或有关专家的观点时，又常用主动语态，其优点是鲜明有力。 掌握一定的遣词造句技巧的目的是便于简单、准确的表达作者的观点，减少读者的误解。
1、用词力求简单，在表达同样意思时，尽量用短词代替长词，以常用词代替生僻词。但是当描述方法、步骤时，应该用狭义词代替广义词。例如，英文中有不少动词，do,run,get,take等，虽简单常用，但其意义少则十几个，多则几十个，用这类词来描述研究过程，读者难免产生误解，甚至会不知所云，这就要求根据具体情况，选择意义相对明确的词，诸如perform,achieve等，以便于读者理解。
2、造句 1）熟悉英文摘要的常用句型：尽管英文的句型种类繁多，丰富多彩，但摘要的常用句型却很有限，而且形成了一定的规律，大体可归纳为
(1)表示研究目的，常用在摘要之首In order to……This paper describes……The purpose of this study is…… （2）表示研究的对象与方法The [curative effect/sensitivity/function] of certain [drug/kit/organ….] was [observed/detected/studied…] （3）表示研究的结果：[The result showed/It proved/The authors found] that…… （4）表示结论、观点或建议：The authors [suggest/conclude/consider] that…
2）尽量采用-ing 分词和-ed 分词作定语，少用关系代词 which , who 等引导的定语从句。由于摘要的时态多采用一般过去时，使用关系代词引导的定语从句不但会使句式变的复杂，而且容易造成时态混乱（因为定语和它所修饰的主语、宾语之间有时存在一定的"时间差"，而过去完成时、过去将来时等往往难以准确判定）。采用-ing 分词和-ed 分词作定语，在简化语句的同时，还可以减少时态判定的失误。
以上所述只是撰写英文摘要时应注意的问题中的一小部分，尚有许多问题，需要进一步探讨。总之，英文摘要作为医学论文的重要组成部分，其修改和完善是永无止境的。
4.英文摘要如何写
This article in terms of understanding the basic concepts and the characteristics of the engineering quality, analyzes the main factors affecting the quality of building engineering construction, and puts forward the formation process of engineering quality and influence factors on construction quality control methods and countermeasures. Taking the complex building pile foundation engineering construction quality control, for example, the practical application of this control method which is described.。
5.写英语摘要需要注意哪些
第一，对所掌握的资料进行精心筛选，不属于上述四部分的内容不必写入摘要。
第二，对属于四部分的内容，也应适当取舍，做到简明扼要，不能包罗万象。比如目的，在多数标题中就已初步阐明，若无更深一层的目的，摘要完全不必重复叙述；再如方法，有些在国外可能早已成为常规的方法，在撰写英文摘要时就可仅写出方法名称，而不必一一描述其操作步骤。
英文摘要应严格、全面的表达中文摘要的内容，不能随意增删，但这并不意味着一个字也不能改动，具体撰写方式应遵循英文语法修辞规则，符合英文专业术语规范，并照顾到英文的表达习惯。选择适当的时态和语态，是使摘要符合英文语法修辞规则的前提.通常情况下，摘要中谓语动词的时态和语态都不是通篇一律的，而应根据具体内容而有所变化，否则容易造成理解上的混乱。
但这种变化又并非无章可循，其中存在着如下一些规律：1、时态：大体可概括为以下几点。1）一般现在时.用于说明研究目的、叙述研究内容、描述结果、得出结论、提出建议或讨论等.分别举例如下：This study(investigation) is (conducted,undertaken) toThe anatomy of secondary xylem（次生木质部） in stem of Davidia involucrata （珙桐） and Camptotheca acuminata （喜树） is compared.The result shows(reveals),It is found thatThe conclusions areThe author suggests。
涉及到公认事实、自然规律、永恒真理等，当然也要用一般现在时。2）一般过去时.用于叙述过去某一时刻（时段）的发现、某一研究过程（实验、观察、调查、医疗等过程）。
例如：The heat pulse technique was applied to study the stemstaflow （树干液流） of two main deciduous broadleaved tree species in July and August,1996.需要指出的是，用一般过去时描述的发现、现象，往往是尚不能确认为自然规律、永恒真理。3）现在完成时和过去完成时.完成时少用，但不是不用.现在完成时把过去发生的或过去已完成的事情与现在联系起来，而过去完成时可用来表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的事情，或在一个过去事情完成之前就已完成的另一过去行为。
例如：Concrete has been studied for many years.Man has not yet learned to store the solar energy。2、语态：采用何种语态，既要考虑摘要的特点，又要满足表达的需要。
一篇摘要很短，尽量不要随便混用，更不要在一个句子里混用。1）主动语态.现在主张摘要中谓语动词尽量采用主动语态的越来越多，因其有助于文字清晰、简洁及表达有力。
The author systematically introduces the history and development of the tissue culture of poplar 比 The history and development of the tissue culture of poplar are introduced systematically语感要强.必要时，The author systematically都可以去掉，而直接以Introduces开头。2）被动语态。
以前强调多用被动语态，理由是科技论文主要是说明事实经过，至于那件事是谁做的，无须一一证明。事实上，在指示性摘要中，为强调动作承受者，还是采用被动语态为好。
即使在报道性摘要中，有些情况下被动者无关紧要，也必须用强调的事物做主语。例如：In this case,a greater accuracy in measuring distance might be obtained。
3、人称：原来摘要的首句多用第三人称This paper等开头，现在倾向于采用更简洁的被动语态或原形动词开头。例如：To describe,To study,To investigate,To assess,To determine,The torrent classification model and the hazard zone mapping model are developed based on the geography information system。
行文时最好不用第一人称，以方便文摘刊物的编辑刊用。掌握一定的遣词造句技巧的目的是便于简单、准确的表达作者的观点，减少读者的误解。
1）用词力求简单，在表达同样意思时，尽量用短词代替长词，以常用词代替生僻词。但是当描述方法、步骤时，应该用狭义词代替广义词。
6.论文英文摘要怎么写
Local the Party paper as major media of locality , transmit party and country , Party committee of a higher level , voice of government, transmit local Party Committee and government specially in the Central Party Committee of implementation , the Party committee of a higher level and government's great principles and policies concrete measure, there are guidance and authoritativeness that other medias can't compare , so often become the focus that local audiences pay close attention to. But enter after the socialist market economy, journalism structure of our country take place a obvious one, enough to influence local the Party paper change , news report of result. Journalism has already developed into much varieties taking the Party paper as the centre, multi-level three-dimensional structure from a structure of party's declaration form, the newspaper in evening paper , city newspaper , life newspaper , specialized newspaper ,etc. doubles and redoubles, the network, this kind of new combining a large amount of transmission information fast of media of short information of cell phone at the same time, the foreign media enters the native country and seizes the market of native country. This kind of change and growth make audiences choose the information channel of the news to increase, the degree of freedom increases day by day. So local the Party paper irreplaceable status , news of information issue receive the severe challenge. So how strengthen local key competitiveness of the Party paper new period, become we want problem that solve urgently. Focus on this question to describe from content , form of the news report , journalists , reader's marriage partner and these five respects of market mechanism of the news report, is it can prove our country now local state of development of the Party paper and predicament that run into and for strengthen key competitiveness should what kind of efforts does it make to expect. Keyword: Local the Party paper; Core; Competitiveness ; Market; Readability; Affinity。
7.英文摘要怎么写,求翻译,在线等
The vocabulary is the most basic language unit, which is always present in a certain context, leaving a certain context, the word loses its vitality. American linguist Firth stressed: "language only in the context in which makes sense, it can not be divorced from the social environment in which to exist." Expressions depend on the context and affected by, and only in the context of explore the meaning of a word in order to achieve accurate and thorough. Language and language environment are inextricably linked, "People use the language of communication can not be separated from the context, as people can not breath without air". This article will elaborate the basic concepts of the context, meaning, combined with specific examples of some of the articles, Context and Word Meaning of the old analysis of the relationship as well as the context of the impact on the meaning and decisive role by analyzing examples come to the relationship, and finally to out their own conclusions.
摘 要：本文依据词汇教学语境化原理和3C模式，结合教学案例介绍如何在词汇教学过程中逐步创设语境让学生感知、理解和运用所学词汇，从而帮助学生自然地习得所学语言。
关键词：词汇教学 语境设计 呈现词义 检查理解 巩固运用
一、语境在词汇教学中的地位
词汇是最基本的语言单位，它总是存在于一定的语境，离开了一定的语境，词汇就失去了生命力。美国语言学家弗斯（Firth）强调语言只有在所处的语境中才有意义，它不能脱离所处的社会环境而存在。